Wild Food
< PRE-DRAFT++ >
Revisions:
20210906 start <L
20220713 re-found, merging in some pages <D
20220801 ping <L
20220808 ping <D+L
20220809 ping, mima22 tag <D
Ties to:
🔗natural-resources
🔗essential-oils
🔗medical
🔗food, 🔗chef
Table of Contents
¶*** RESOURCES
* Instagram is actually great for this, see:
* http://www.instagram.com/inter_allia/ :
A mapping project for Slovenia is in planning, ask david@totalism.org ?
###
* [...]
* Slovenian book
https://sl.wikisource.org/wiki/Na%C5%A1e_%C5%A1kodljive_rastline/%C5%A0kodljive_%C4%8Dloveku_in_%C5%BEivini
* For wild flowers, see [SLO]:
* https://www.emka.si/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/sl/emkasi/domaca-lekarna-patra-simona-asica-recepti-26735-pr
* https://www.emka.si/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/sl/emkasi/zdravje-iz-bozje-lekarne-26943-pr :
naj bi bila boljša od Ašičeve!
* Alpine plants
→ https://www.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/top-9-alpines-for-beginners
* Instagram is actually great for this, see:
* http://www.instagram.com/inter_allia/ :
A mapping project for Slovenia is in planning, ask david@totalism.org ?
###
* [...]
* Slovenian book
https://sl.wikisource.org/wiki/Na%C5%A1e_%C5%A1kodljive_rastline/%C5%A0kodljive_%C4%8Dloveku_in_%C5%BEivini
* For wild flowers, see [SLO]:
* https://www.emka.si/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/sl/emkasi/domaca-lekarna-patra-simona-asica-recepti-26735-pr
* https://www.emka.si/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/sl/emkasi/zdravje-iz-bozje-lekarne-26943-pr :
naj bi bila boljša od Ašičeve!
* Alpine plants
→ https://www.alpinegardensociety.net/plants/top-9-alpines-for-beginners
¶LANGUAGE— Exotic vs invasive
"""
Many people think that the words “invasive” and “exotic” are synonymous when in fact they are very different. Exotic simply means non-indigenous to an area, which is the opposite of native which means indigenous to an area. Invasive means tending to spread prolifically and undesirably/harmfully.
"""
→ https://www.captivasanibel.com/2020/11/19/invasive-versus-exotic-species-know-the-difference/
"""
Many people think that the words “invasive” and “exotic” are synonymous when in fact they are very different. Exotic simply means non-indigenous to an area, which is the opposite of native which means indigenous to an area. Invasive means tending to spread prolifically and undesirably/harmfully.
"""
→ https://www.captivasanibel.com/2020/11/19/invasive-versus-exotic-species-know-the-difference/
¶HERB/MEDICAL— Smetlika<SLO>, Eyebright, Eyewort ... @Krnica, July-August
za oči!
https://www.gorenjske-lekarne.si/svetovanje-clanek/smetlika-navadna
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphrasia_rostkoviana
za oči!
https://www.gorenjske-lekarne.si/svetovanje-clanek/smetlika-navadna
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphrasia_rostkoviana
¶(L:)[!!**] HEBR/MEDICAL— Achillea millefolium, Common yarrow <EN>, Rebríček obyčajný <SLO> ... @Krnica, July-August
General info
→ https://calscape.org/Achillea-millefolium-(Common-Yarrow)
Variety
→ https://antropocene.it/en/2023/01/13/achillea-ligustica-2/
"""
It can be beneficial in alleviating digestive complaints and symptoms of colds and flu, and is also used to treat hemorrhoids, ease menstrual discomfort and postpartum bleeding, and reduce inflammation in the gums. The next time you have a toothache, try chewing on a yarrow leaf.
"""
→ https://gardenerspath.com/plants/herbs/yarrow-benefits-uses/
General info
→ https://calscape.org/Achillea-millefolium-(Common-Yarrow)
Variety
→ https://antropocene.it/en/2023/01/13/achillea-ligustica-2/
"""
It can be beneficial in alleviating digestive complaints and symptoms of colds and flu, and is also used to treat hemorrhoids, ease menstrual discomfort and postpartum bleeding, and reduce inflammation in the gums. The next time you have a toothache, try chewing on a yarrow leaf.
"""
→ https://gardenerspath.com/plants/herbs/yarrow-benefits-uses/
¶(L:)[!!**] HERB/FOOD/AROMATIC/CHEF— Wild oregano @Krnica, July-August
"""
The the buds can be harvested before they open, and be dried. They have a very strong, concentrated flavour. Wild oregano has a much stronger oregano taste than regular oregano. It can be used dried or fresh.
"""
→ https://www.cooksinfo.com/wild-oregano
"""
The the buds can be harvested before they open, and be dried. They have a very strong, concentrated flavour. Wild oregano has a much stronger oregano taste than regular oregano. It can be used dried or fresh.
"""
→ https://www.cooksinfo.com/wild-oregano
¶(L:)[M!!**] HERB/FOOD/AROMA/CHEF— Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum) @Krnica, July-August
→ https://www.omorika.si/sl/trajnice_vrtnarstvo_vrtnarija/Thymus-serpyllum
→ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/thymus-serpyllum
<----------------------------------(new) Slovenian Herbs
→ https://www.omorika.si/sl/trajnice_vrtnarstvo_vrtnarija/Thymus-serpyllum
→ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/thymus-serpyllum
<----------------------------------(new) Slovenian Herbs
¶* Etnobotany & "plant use patterns"
"""
Plant use patterns are usually not static. In many ethnobotanical studies reveal either a dramatic or gradual loss olf traditional knowledge and practices (e.g. [3,50,51]). The changes in patterns of wild plant use differ by region and are associated with lifestyle changes, urbanization, large-scale farming, lesser contact with nature and many other reasons. Moreover, times of famine seem to be in the distant past for industrially developed countries. Food made of cultivated plants and bought from the supermarket appears on the table with relatively little effort, while collecting wild species is more time consuming and season-dependent. In spite of that, the importance of wild food plants for food security and in shaping alternative models of consumption is emphasized.(*1)
"""
→ https://www.academia.edu/4432900/Svanberg_I_S%C3%B5ukand_R_%C5%81uczaj_%C5%81_Kalle_R_Zyryanova_O_D%C3%A9nes_A_Papp_N_Nedelcheva_A_%C5%A0e%C5%A1kauskait%C4%97_D_Ko%C5%82odziejska_Deg%C3%B3rska_I_Kolosova_V_Uses_of_tree_saps_in_northern_and_eastern_parts_of_Europe?email_work_card=thumbnail
"""
Wild harvested plant foods include: roots and other underground parts; shoots and leafy greens; berries and other fleshy fruits; grains, nuts and seeds; and mushrooms, lichens, algae and other species. Use of any of these species requires special cultural knowledge regarding harvesting, preparation, cooking and other forms of processing. Many were, and are, prepared and served in mixtures or combinations. In most cases, too, the species are managed, tended or manipulated in some way to increase their productivity and availability. Many of the most widely used species are categorized as weeds—species that grow and reproduce readily in disturbed or cleared land, and are common around human settlements and agricultural areas.
"""
(*1) Turner NJ, Łuczaj ŁJ, Migliorini P, Pieroni A, Dreon AL, Sacchetti LE, et al. Edible and tended wild plants, traditional ecological knowledge and agroecology. Cr Rev Plant Sci. 2011;30(1–2):198–225.
→ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07352689.2011.554492
###L: get access!!
"""
Plant use patterns are usually not static. In many ethnobotanical studies reveal either a dramatic or gradual loss olf traditional knowledge and practices (e.g. [3,50,51]). The changes in patterns of wild plant use differ by region and are associated with lifestyle changes, urbanization, large-scale farming, lesser contact with nature and many other reasons. Moreover, times of famine seem to be in the distant past for industrially developed countries. Food made of cultivated plants and bought from the supermarket appears on the table with relatively little effort, while collecting wild species is more time consuming and season-dependent. In spite of that, the importance of wild food plants for food security and in shaping alternative models of consumption is emphasized.(*1)
"""
→ https://www.academia.edu/4432900/Svanberg_I_S%C3%B5ukand_R_%C5%81uczaj_%C5%81_Kalle_R_Zyryanova_O_D%C3%A9nes_A_Papp_N_Nedelcheva_A_%C5%A0e%C5%A1kauskait%C4%97_D_Ko%C5%82odziejska_Deg%C3%B3rska_I_Kolosova_V_Uses_of_tree_saps_in_northern_and_eastern_parts_of_Europe?email_work_card=thumbnail
"""
Wild harvested plant foods include: roots and other underground parts; shoots and leafy greens; berries and other fleshy fruits; grains, nuts and seeds; and mushrooms, lichens, algae and other species. Use of any of these species requires special cultural knowledge regarding harvesting, preparation, cooking and other forms of processing. Many were, and are, prepared and served in mixtures or combinations. In most cases, too, the species are managed, tended or manipulated in some way to increase their productivity and availability. Many of the most widely used species are categorized as weeds—species that grow and reproduce readily in disturbed or cleared land, and are common around human settlements and agricultural areas.
"""
(*1) Turner NJ, Łuczaj ŁJ, Migliorini P, Pieroni A, Dreon AL, Sacchetti LE, et al. Edible and tended wild plants, traditional ecological knowledge and agroecology. Cr Rev Plant Sci. 2011;30(1–2):198–225.
→ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07352689.2011.554492
¶ * wild forms of plants brought to the garden from the wild and cultivated directly for food purposes
... either because of the expected greater harvest, instant availability or lack in the region."
... either because of the expected greater harvest, instant availability or lack in the region."
¶ * naturalized → cultivated → wild
"On the other hand some of the species that have become naturalized and are gathered from gardens but are still unattended by people, are nevertheless considered cultivated species, for example in Estonia such plants are Armoracia rusticana; G. Gaertn., B. Meyer & Screb and Calendula officinalis L."
"In other countries the opposite can be true: some of the species cultivated in the past and now naturalized are popularly considered “wild”"
"On the other hand some of the species that have become naturalized and are gathered from gardens but are still unattended by people, are nevertheless considered cultivated species, for example in Estonia such plants are Armoracia rusticana; G. Gaertn., B. Meyer & Screb and Calendula officinalis L."
"In other countries the opposite can be true: some of the species cultivated in the past and now naturalized are popularly considered “wild”"
¶ * harvesting the fruits of ornamental plants
"""
Moreover, when asked about wild plants, people tell the ethnobotanist about edible uses of species that are mainly cultivated for non-edible purposes or for other edible purposes.
For instance:
* in Spain the immature inflorescences of turnip, a species that is cultivated for the consumption of its roots, were usually eaten cooked.
* The young shoots of cultivated roses and grape vines were peeled and eaten in the same way as those from wild blackberries (Rubusulmifolius, and other species of the genus Rubus).
* Other examples are trees planted in parks and urban settings such as Robinia pseudoacacia L. (flowers).
All the above-mentioned species are cultivated for the harvesting of a different part of the plant, or planted for ornamental purposes. Therefore, people associate these food-uses with gathering more than farming
"""
→ https://dokumen.tips/documents/wild-food-plant-use-in-21st-century-europe-the-disappearance-of-old-.html
"""
Moreover, when asked about wild plants, people tell the ethnobotanist about edible uses of species that are mainly cultivated for non-edible purposes or for other edible purposes.
For instance:
* in Spain the immature inflorescences of turnip, a species that is cultivated for the consumption of its roots, were usually eaten cooked.
* The young shoots of cultivated roses and grape vines were peeled and eaten in the same way as those from wild blackberries (Rubusulmifolius, and other species of the genus Rubus).
* Other examples are trees planted in parks and urban settings such as Robinia pseudoacacia L. (flowers).
All the above-mentioned species are cultivated for the harvesting of a different part of the plant, or planted for ornamental purposes. Therefore, people associate these food-uses with gathering more than farming
"""
→ https://dokumen.tips/documents/wild-food-plant-use-in-21st-century-europe-the-disappearance-of-old-.html
¶* Foraging against famine
→ Education
"""
Probably the best documented one and the longest is the over three year siege of Sarajevo, which was captured from inside by the Bosnian botanist Sulejman Redžić, who not only recorded the emergency plants used, but also tried to alleviate the crisis by running media programs explaining the use of wild plants in the besieged city [63,64].
"""
→ Redžić S, Barudanović S, Pilipović S. Wild mushrooms and lichens used as human food for survival in war conditions; Podrinje – Zepa region (Bosnia and Herzegovina, W. Balkan). Hum Ecol Rev. 2010;17(2):175–181.64. Redžić S. Use of wild and semi-wild edible plants in nutrition and survival of people in 1430 days of siege of Sarajevo during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995). Coll Antropol. 2010;34(2):551–570.
"""
... In Poland and Estonia a similarly large spectrum of plant material was used for making bread: tree cambium, bark, catkins (inflorescences of wind pollinated trees), roots, rhizomes, bulbs or even wood shavings. Polish 19th century ethnographic works list a large number of fam-ine taxa, e.g.Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski rhizomes, tree buds, bark and wood, Tilia leaves, Corylus avellana L. catkins and many herbaceous plants.
"""
→ Education
"""
Probably the best documented one and the longest is the over three year siege of Sarajevo, which was captured from inside by the Bosnian botanist Sulejman Redžić, who not only recorded the emergency plants used, but also tried to alleviate the crisis by running media programs explaining the use of wild plants in the besieged city [63,64].
"""
→ Redžić S, Barudanović S, Pilipović S. Wild mushrooms and lichens used as human food for survival in war conditions; Podrinje – Zepa region (Bosnia and Herzegovina, W. Balkan). Hum Ecol Rev. 2010;17(2):175–181.64. Redžić S. Use of wild and semi-wild edible plants in nutrition and survival of people in 1430 days of siege of Sarajevo during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1995). Coll Antropol. 2010;34(2):551–570.
"""
... In Poland and Estonia a similarly large spectrum of plant material was used for making bread: tree cambium, bark, catkins (inflorescences of wind pollinated trees), roots, rhizomes, bulbs or even wood shavings. Polish 19th century ethnographic works list a large number of fam-ine taxa, e.g.Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski rhizomes, tree buds, bark and wood, Tilia leaves, Corylus avellana L. catkins and many herbaceous plants.
"""
¶Drying
"""
If you do not have a pristine, organic herb garden, you may need to gently wash the herbs in cool water to remove dirt or clinging insects. Gently shake off excess moisture. Roots: You'll want to clean your harvested roots as soon as possible.
"""
→ https://blog.mountainroseherbs.com/drying-herbs
"""
Some people prefer not to wash their herbs before drying because that could add moisture and cause spoilage. Others definitely wash to remove soil and other debris. I will only wash herbs that I plan to use for cooking. For example, I will wash sage, rosemary and thyme. After washing, I spin the herbs dry in a salad spinner and lay them on a clean towel for an hour or two before proceeding with the dehydrating/drying process.
"""
→ https://urbanfarmandkitchen.com/4-ways-to-dry-your-herbs-and-preserve-the-harvest/
#) Hanging
"""
Tie your herb stems in bunches with some string and hang them upside down in a warm, dry place.
As the days pass and your herbs start to shrink in volume, you’ll likely need to tie the string tighter or use a twist tie to tighten the grip of the string.
It takes on average about four to five days for the herbs to completely dry out. You can then shake out the herbs into a bag and separate the leaves from the stems.
After drying, store them in jars in a cool, dark place. Dried herbs keep for about six months before their flavor starts to lose its intensity.
"""
→ https://modernfarmer.com/2021/10/how-to-preserve-herbs
#) Screen
#) Dehydrator
#) Oven
#) Microwave
"""
If you do not have a pristine, organic herb garden, you may need to gently wash the herbs in cool water to remove dirt or clinging insects. Gently shake off excess moisture. Roots: You'll want to clean your harvested roots as soon as possible.
"""
→ https://blog.mountainroseherbs.com/drying-herbs
"""
Some people prefer not to wash their herbs before drying because that could add moisture and cause spoilage. Others definitely wash to remove soil and other debris. I will only wash herbs that I plan to use for cooking. For example, I will wash sage, rosemary and thyme. After washing, I spin the herbs dry in a salad spinner and lay them on a clean towel for an hour or two before proceeding with the dehydrating/drying process.
"""
→ https://urbanfarmandkitchen.com/4-ways-to-dry-your-herbs-and-preserve-the-harvest/
#) Hanging
"""
Tie your herb stems in bunches with some string and hang them upside down in a warm, dry place.
As the days pass and your herbs start to shrink in volume, you’ll likely need to tie the string tighter or use a twist tie to tighten the grip of the string.
It takes on average about four to five days for the herbs to completely dry out. You can then shake out the herbs into a bag and separate the leaves from the stems.
After drying, store them in jars in a cool, dark place. Dried herbs keep for about six months before their flavor starts to lose its intensity.
"""
→ https://modernfarmer.com/2021/10/how-to-preserve-herbs
#) Screen
#) Dehydrator
#) Oven
#) Microwave
¶PRESERVATION— Making flour last longer
Substances used to make flour last longer were listed. Besides bark from Pinus sylvestris L.,Betula pubescens Ehrh., Picea abies L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. and other trees (65% of the records), straw (35%), ears of grain and chaff (35%), potatoes (23%), bone flour (19%), mash (13%), root vegetables and turnip greens (6%), also Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski, Chenopodium album L., Calluna vulgaris L., Vicia cracca L. and many wild berries are named as surrogate foods"
Substances used to make flour last longer were listed. Besides bark from Pinus sylvestris L.,Betula pubescens Ehrh., Picea abies L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. and other trees (65% of the records), straw (35%), ears of grain and chaff (35%), potatoes (23%), bone flour (19%), mash (13%), root vegetables and turnip greens (6%), also Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski, Chenopodium album L., Calluna vulgaris L., Vicia cracca L. and many wild berries are named as surrogate foods"
¶FRUIT/FORAGING— Wild / Cherry plum @IHI
<L picked ~3kilo @IHI, washed & sorted per ripe and lesser ripe ones
ties to @huje
___ABOUT
"""
Wild plums, sand cherries, and cherry plums have the distinct plum characteristics of sour skins, sweet flesh that sticks tightly to the pit, and pits that are flatter than they are round. Plants vary from shrub to small trees.
"""
→ https://misadocuments.info/wild_plums_cherries.pdf
"""
Cherry Plums have more variation in taste than cultivated plums but the three varieties and six trees that I have sampled so far, have all been good. The flesh is sweet, juicy but not drippy, and soft with a very plummy flavor, although it tends to be more sour near the pit. The skin is moderately sour and easily spit out. Unlike many cultivated varieties of European Plum (Prunus domestica) such as the Italian Plum, the stones are not free.
Aptly named, Cherry Plums resemble Sweet Cherries (Prunus avium) in size, shape, and color. While most other plums ripen in the late summer, Cherry Plums are ready to harvest in late July and early August, 2-3 weeks after sweet cherries, but 3-5 weeks before other plums.
"""
→ http://arcadianabe.blogspot.com/2013/08/cherry-plum-early-plum-gone-wild.html
Eating them raw is ok, but they can be a bit sour or bitter (esp the peels)
More resources / to check:
* https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/trees-woods-and-wildlife/british-trees/a-z-of-british-trees/cherry-plum/
<L picked ~3kilo @IHI, washed & sorted per ripe and lesser ripe ones
ties to @huje
___ABOUT
"""
Wild plums, sand cherries, and cherry plums have the distinct plum characteristics of sour skins, sweet flesh that sticks tightly to the pit, and pits that are flatter than they are round. Plants vary from shrub to small trees.
"""
→ https://misadocuments.info/wild_plums_cherries.pdf
"""
Cherry Plums have more variation in taste than cultivated plums but the three varieties and six trees that I have sampled so far, have all been good. The flesh is sweet, juicy but not drippy, and soft with a very plummy flavor, although it tends to be more sour near the pit. The skin is moderately sour and easily spit out. Unlike many cultivated varieties of European Plum (Prunus domestica) such as the Italian Plum, the stones are not free.
Aptly named, Cherry Plums resemble Sweet Cherries (Prunus avium) in size, shape, and color. While most other plums ripen in the late summer, Cherry Plums are ready to harvest in late July and early August, 2-3 weeks after sweet cherries, but 3-5 weeks before other plums.
"""
→ http://arcadianabe.blogspot.com/2013/08/cherry-plum-early-plum-gone-wild.html
Eating them raw is ok, but they can be a bit sour or bitter (esp the peels)
More resources / to check:
* https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/trees-woods-and-wildlife/british-trees/a-z-of-british-trees/cherry-plum/
¶PRESERVATION— Jarring Preparations
#ordering #stuff
* PITTING
options:
* using that little tool to pierce out the pits
* Passe vitte for mashing the pits and peels out
* cutting the fruit from all sides
* cooking with pits, fishing them out by hand / strainer / "pincet"
* super fine strainer to get juice out
can also be made diy with eg clean old pillowcase
* FOOD TERMOMETER
* CLEAN JARS & LIDS
#ordering #stuff
* PITTING
options:
* using that little tool to pierce out the pits
* Passe vitte for mashing the pits and peels out
* cutting the fruit from all sides
* cooking with pits, fishing them out by hand / strainer / "pincet"
* super fine strainer to get juice out
can also be made diy with eg clean old pillowcase
* FOOD TERMOMETER
* CLEAN JARS & LIDS
¶FRUIT/RECIPE— Wild Plum jam
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNDEeRFlCk4
first minutes it shows the ripeness of these exact plums
cause when looking for "cherry plum" I only find red-ish versions
→ https://www.wikihow.com/Ripen-a-Plum
will continue to ripen them for a bit longer, now they're still pretty sour
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fIMcjyWLGs
general description of how to make plum jam
______
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k55Tlu1lwNM
lol bit off topic (about black currant jelly), but she does have the jelly moves ~min9
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNDEeRFlCk4
first minutes it shows the ripeness of these exact plums
cause when looking for "cherry plum" I only find red-ish versions
→ https://www.wikihow.com/Ripen-a-Plum
will continue to ripen them for a bit longer, now they're still pretty sour
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fIMcjyWLGs
general description of how to make plum jam
______
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k55Tlu1lwNM
lol bit off topic (about black currant jelly), but she does have the jelly moves ~min9
¶FRUIT/RECIPE— PLUM KETCHUP
"""
Per kilo of plums:
* 1 tsp cloves
* 2/3 tsp whole allspice (pimento)
* 2/3 tsp whole peppercorns
* 1.5 cups brown sugar
* 2 tsp salt
* 1tblsp grated ginger
* 2 cups white wine (or apple cider) vinegar
* 1 chilli (or lots more, or none)
Methods:
Stone the plums and crack half the stones (bash with a mallet in a tea towel) and put them in a muslin bag (this give pectin to get things gelling). Tie the spices in a separate muslin bag. Put it all in a non-reactive pot and simmer for half an hour. Remove the bags, giving them a good squeeze and press the rest through a sieve, fine colander or food mill back into the rinsed pot. Simmer for as long as it takes to get the thickness you want (remembering it will thicken when cool and wants to be able to be poured like tomato ketchup). It can then go in either sterilised jars or bottles (depending on thickness).
"""
→ https://foragersyear.wordpress.com/tag/wild-plum/
"""
Per kilo of plums:
* 1 tsp cloves
* 2/3 tsp whole allspice (pimento)
* 2/3 tsp whole peppercorns
* 1.5 cups brown sugar
* 2 tsp salt
* 1tblsp grated ginger
* 2 cups white wine (or apple cider) vinegar
* 1 chilli (or lots more, or none)
Methods:
Stone the plums and crack half the stones (bash with a mallet in a tea towel) and put them in a muslin bag (this give pectin to get things gelling). Tie the spices in a separate muslin bag. Put it all in a non-reactive pot and simmer for half an hour. Remove the bags, giving them a good squeeze and press the rest through a sieve, fine colander or food mill back into the rinsed pot. Simmer for as long as it takes to get the thickness you want (remembering it will thicken when cool and wants to be able to be poured like tomato ketchup). It can then go in either sterilised jars or bottles (depending on thickness).
"""
→ https://foragersyear.wordpress.com/tag/wild-plum/
¶[?] FRUIT/RECIPE— PLUM Strudel
* wild plum strudel
→ https://www.recipezazz.com/recipe/sour-cherry-or-wild-plum-strudel-37414/add-to-shopping-list
* wild plum strudel
→ https://www.recipezazz.com/recipe/sour-cherry-or-wild-plum-strudel-37414/add-to-shopping-list
¶[K] FRUIT/FORAGING— Wild apples @IHI
Picked tiny green apples on the little island in Sava @Kranj and bigger sweet but pulpy red ones @Bistrica
### trees are on osd >L!
Picked tiny green apples on the little island in Sava @Kranj and bigger sweet but pulpy red ones @Bistrica
¶[K!!] FRUIT/RECIPE/JUICE— Wild Apple Cider
First considered:
* Apple jam / jelly
→ https://www.betterbutter.in/recipe/50892/apple-jam-using-peels-and-cores
→ https://www.delish.com/cooking/recipe-ideas/a29006817/apple-jam-recipe/
* Apple cider
→ https://www.growforagecookferment.com/how-to-make-hard-cider-part-1-brew-it/
→ http://www.werfzeep.blog/wickenburghse-bos-nl/appelcider-maken-en-cake-recept/
→ https://www.wanderdutch.nl/appelcider/
Finally made apple cider with no alcohol
→ https://www.delish.com/cooking/recipe-ideas/a28224491/homemade-apple-cider-drink-recipe/
→ https://www.gimmesomeoven.com/homemade-apple-cider/
Cooked ~3kilo apples for ~2h
mashed them, then filtered everything 2 times
filter#1 was blended
filter#2 we ate instantly
First considered:
* Apple jam / jelly
→ https://www.betterbutter.in/recipe/50892/apple-jam-using-peels-and-cores
→ https://www.delish.com/cooking/recipe-ideas/a29006817/apple-jam-recipe/
* Apple cider
→ https://www.growforagecookferment.com/how-to-make-hard-cider-part-1-brew-it/
→ http://www.werfzeep.blog/wickenburghse-bos-nl/appelcider-maken-en-cake-recept/
→ https://www.wanderdutch.nl/appelcider/
Finally made apple cider with no alcohol
→ https://www.delish.com/cooking/recipe-ideas/a28224491/homemade-apple-cider-drink-recipe/
→ https://www.gimmesomeoven.com/homemade-apple-cider/
Cooked ~3kilo apples for ~2h
mashed them, then filtered everything 2 times
filter#1 was blended
filter#2 we ate instantly
¶(L:)[K!!**] HERB/USES— Perforate St John's-wort (Hypericum perforatum)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
"""
The flowers appear in broad helicoid cymes at the ends of the upper branches, between late spring and early to mid-summer. The cymes are leafy and bear many flowers. The pointed sepals have black glandular dots. The many stamens are united at the base into three bundles. The pollen grains are ellipsoidal. The black and lustrous seeds are rough, netted with coarse grooves.
When flower buds (not the flowers themselves) or seed pods are crushed, a reddish or purple liquid is produced.
"""
→ https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort
____USES:
* depression
* menopausal symptoms
* attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
* somatic symptom disorder (a condition in which a person feels extreme, exaggerated anxiety about physical symptoms)
* obsessive-compulsive disorder
* ... and other conditions.
* Topical use (applied to the skin) of St. John’s wort is promoted for various skin conditions, including:
* wounds
* bruises
* muscle pain
* ###
____SIDE EFFECTS:
* can weaken the effects of many medicines, including crucially important medicines such as
* insomnia
* anxiety
* dry mouth
* dizziness
* gastrointestinal symptoms
* fatigue
* headache
* sexual dysfunction
→ https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort
____ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
Classes include:
* naphthodianthrones
* phloroglucinols
* flavonoids (such as phenylpropanes, flavonol glycosides, and biflavones)
* essential oils
Two major active constituents have been identified:
* hypericin (a naphtodianthrone)
an anthraquinone-derived pigment that is responsible for the red color of SJW oils—is the best known.
Hypericin is found in the flowers, particularly in the black dots that are located along the petals.
* hyperforin (a phloroglucinol; Figure 11.2b)
____RECIPES:
###
____MORE RESOURCES:
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92750/
extensive resource, with a lote of medicinal uses, active ingredients, ...
____USE LOG:
20220906 @BE; L's father has alergic skin condition of which we don't know the source.
I want to propose him to try using it
"""
When used for skin conditions can apply the oil directly to the skin, or use it in a cleanser or cream.
"""
"""
If you plan on taking St. John’s Wort in any form, limit your sun exposure as it can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. This isn’t to say you should never step outside again, but laying out for hours at a time probably wouldn’t be a good idea. Experts suggest wearing a sunscreen with a minimum 15 SPF.
"""
→ https://www.eraorganics.com/blogs/raw-ingredients/st-john-s-wort
"""
it is perfect for skin care for dry skin, pimples, eczema and skin abrasions. For neurodermatitis or psoriasis, the active ingredients in the oil soothe the skin and relieve itching.
"""
→ https://saint-charles.eu/en/blogs/news/johanniskrautoel-wirkung-pickel
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
"""
The flowers appear in broad helicoid cymes at the ends of the upper branches, between late spring and early to mid-summer. The cymes are leafy and bear many flowers. The pointed sepals have black glandular dots. The many stamens are united at the base into three bundles. The pollen grains are ellipsoidal. The black and lustrous seeds are rough, netted with coarse grooves.
When flower buds (not the flowers themselves) or seed pods are crushed, a reddish or purple liquid is produced.
"""
→ https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort
____USES:
* depression
* menopausal symptoms
* attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
* somatic symptom disorder (a condition in which a person feels extreme, exaggerated anxiety about physical symptoms)
* obsessive-compulsive disorder
* ... and other conditions.
* Topical use (applied to the skin) of St. John’s wort is promoted for various skin conditions, including:
* wounds
* bruises
* muscle pain
* ###
____SIDE EFFECTS:
* can weaken the effects of many medicines, including crucially important medicines such as
- Antidepressants
- Birth control pills
- Cyclosporine, which prevents the body from rejecting transplanted organs
- Some heart medications, including digoxin and ivabradine
- Some HIV drugs, including indinavir and nevirapine
- Some cancer medications, including irinotecan and imatinib
- Warfarin, an anticoagulant (blood thinner)
- Certain statins, including simvastatin.
* insomnia
* anxiety
* dry mouth
* dizziness
* gastrointestinal symptoms
* fatigue
* headache
* sexual dysfunction
→ https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/st-johns-wort
____ACTIVE INGREDIENTS:
Classes include:
* naphthodianthrones
* phloroglucinols
* flavonoids (such as phenylpropanes, flavonol glycosides, and biflavones)
* essential oils
Two major active constituents have been identified:
* hypericin (a naphtodianthrone)
an anthraquinone-derived pigment that is responsible for the red color of SJW oils—is the best known.
Hypericin is found in the flowers, particularly in the black dots that are located along the petals.
* hyperforin (a phloroglucinol; Figure 11.2b)
____RECIPES:
###
____MORE RESOURCES:
* https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92750/
extensive resource, with a lote of medicinal uses, active ingredients, ...
____USE LOG:
20220906 @BE; L's father has alergic skin condition of which we don't know the source.
I want to propose him to try using it
"""
When used for skin conditions can apply the oil directly to the skin, or use it in a cleanser or cream.
"""
"""
If you plan on taking St. John’s Wort in any form, limit your sun exposure as it can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. This isn’t to say you should never step outside again, but laying out for hours at a time probably wouldn’t be a good idea. Experts suggest wearing a sunscreen with a minimum 15 SPF.
"""
→ https://www.eraorganics.com/blogs/raw-ingredients/st-john-s-wort
"""
it is perfect for skin care for dry skin, pimples, eczema and skin abrasions. For neurodermatitis or psoriasis, the active ingredients in the oil soothe the skin and relieve itching.
"""
→ https://saint-charles.eu/en/blogs/news/johanniskrautoel-wirkung-pickel
¶(L:)[K] HERB/RECIPE— Lady's Bedstraw (Galium verum (SLO: Prava Lakota))
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES:
* Culinary:
* leaves, raw or cooked, as a spread or sauce
* cheese ###
* seeds as coffee replacement
* raw and cooked for tea
squeeze 2ts + hot water (bit bitter)
* Flowering tops distilled water to make a refreshing acid beverage
* Medicinal:
* skin:
* When applied topically as a poultice on cuts, skin infections, ringworm, eczema, ulcers, scabies, boils, rashes, psoriasis, allergies, and slow-healing wounds,
it calms the skin and reduces inflammation, helping the skin to heal.
* reducing bleeding
* Tea is a wonderful face wash and helps to firm up the facial skin, as well as helping with acne and blackheads
* Tincture for skin cleaning
* throat
tea to gargle
* diuretic
* put in bed during childbirth for painrelief
* as pillow filling
* as dye: red color from roots
____FORAGING:
* best collected before fruiting
____RECIPES:
* https://healthembassy.co.uk/en/herbs/76-ladys-bedstraw-herb-galium-verum-l.html?dontshowhmw=yes
* macerate...
"""
Chop the material and mix it in a steel container or other inert material (glass, ceramics) with olive oil. You can use 250 grams of dry plant or 750 grams of fresh plant for 500 ml of oil, or in any case enough oil to completely cover the plant material.
"""
→ https://www.erboristeriacomo.it/en/2021/06/16/how-to-make-macerated-oils/
"""
Oil from yarrow and Lady's bedstraw is ideal for tanning. That is a mix to get a nice tan, no burns and you get the incredible copper tan, even those who have lack of pigment, who have bright skin. You put yarrow and lady's bedstraw into a three-liter jar, you put some olive oil, you close it and you put it in a sunny place for 40 days. After that time the oil is filtered and it is ready to use - Simovic is clear.
"""
[!!] DONE 20220714
→ https://www.telegraf.rs/english/2962367-ljubisas-tanning-oils-replaced-expensive-products-girls-are-crazy-about-it-and-it-has-only-two-ingredients-photo
→ https://www.plitvicetimes.com/product/macerate-oil-8-ladys-bedstraw-walnut/
____MORE RESOURCES:
→ https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/ladys-bedstraw/
→ https://www.thebotanist.com/features/foraging/edible-plants/ladys-bedstraw-miscellany22-botanicals/
→ https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1191808.pdf
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES:
* Culinary:
* leaves, raw or cooked, as a spread or sauce
* cheese ###
* seeds as coffee replacement
* raw and cooked for tea
squeeze 2ts + hot water (bit bitter)
* Flowering tops distilled water to make a refreshing acid beverage
* Medicinal:
* skin:
* When applied topically as a poultice on cuts, skin infections, ringworm, eczema, ulcers, scabies, boils, rashes, psoriasis, allergies, and slow-healing wounds,
it calms the skin and reduces inflammation, helping the skin to heal.
* reducing bleeding
* Tea is a wonderful face wash and helps to firm up the facial skin, as well as helping with acne and blackheads
* Tincture for skin cleaning
* throat
tea to gargle
* diuretic
* put in bed during childbirth for painrelief
* as pillow filling
* as dye: red color from roots
____FORAGING:
* best collected before fruiting
____RECIPES:
* https://healthembassy.co.uk/en/herbs/76-ladys-bedstraw-herb-galium-verum-l.html?dontshowhmw=yes
* macerate...
"""
Chop the material and mix it in a steel container or other inert material (glass, ceramics) with olive oil. You can use 250 grams of dry plant or 750 grams of fresh plant for 500 ml of oil, or in any case enough oil to completely cover the plant material.
"""
→ https://www.erboristeriacomo.it/en/2021/06/16/how-to-make-macerated-oils/
"""
Oil from yarrow and Lady's bedstraw is ideal for tanning. That is a mix to get a nice tan, no burns and you get the incredible copper tan, even those who have lack of pigment, who have bright skin. You put yarrow and lady's bedstraw into a three-liter jar, you put some olive oil, you close it and you put it in a sunny place for 40 days. After that time the oil is filtered and it is ready to use - Simovic is clear.
"""
[!!] DONE 20220714
→ https://www.telegraf.rs/english/2962367-ljubisas-tanning-oils-replaced-expensive-products-girls-are-crazy-about-it-and-it-has-only-two-ingredients-photo
→ https://www.plitvicetimes.com/product/macerate-oil-8-ladys-bedstraw-walnut/
____MORE RESOURCES:
→ https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/ladys-bedstraw/
→ https://www.thebotanist.com/features/foraging/edible-plants/ladys-bedstraw-miscellany22-botanicals/
→ https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1191808.pdf
¶(L:)[K] HERB/RECIPE— Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
###
____RECIPES:
* drying; using in vinegars, salads, stews, etc
* as a tea, for the troath
* ###
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
###
____RECIPES:
* drying; using in vinegars, salads, stews, etc
* as a tea, for the troath
* ###
¶(L:)[K] HEBR/RECIPE— Wild Basil (Clinopodium vulgare)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES
* Medieval times it was a "strewing herb":
used scattered on floor of homes
when walked upon and crushed, it would release a nice odour
* treating flatulence
* Culinary for flavouring dishes
* leaves are edible, fresh and dried
* with salads
* sweet & aromatic tea form fresh leaves
____RECIPES:
* dried, for teas, in salads, stews, or other herbal breweries
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES
* Medieval times it was a "strewing herb":
used scattered on floor of homes
when walked upon and crushed, it would release a nice odour
* treating flatulence
* Culinary for flavouring dishes
* leaves are edible, fresh and dried
* with salads
* sweet & aromatic tea form fresh leaves
____RECIPES:
* dried, for teas, in salads, stews, or other herbal breweries
¶(L:)[K] HERB/RECIPE— Hedgestraw (Galium Mollugo; (SLO: Bella Lakota (Navadna))
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES:
* Raw or cooked leaves for eating
____RECIPES:
###
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____USES:
* Raw or cooked leaves for eating
____RECIPES:
###
¶(L:)[K] HERB/RECIPE— Common Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
"""
When and How to Harvest: All parts of yarrow are useful. The flower is most commonly used and should be gathered when it is fully open and but not yet turning brown or yellowish. The flower is higher in aromatic oils, whereas the leaves are higher in tannins. Leaves can be harvested any time of year but is most potent in spring and early summer. The root is used for pain including toothaches and is best harvested in fall. Dry yarrow in baskets or paper bags.
"""
____USES:
* Dosage:
"""
Tea: 1 tablespoon of chopped flowers or leaves per cup of boiled water, steep 10-15 minutes, and drink up to 3 cups a day. Drink hot to break a fever.
Tincture: fresh plant with 1 part herb by weight to 2 parts alcohol (50-80% alcohol). For the dry plant use 1 part herb to 5 parts alcohol (40-50% alcohol). Use 10-40 drops to 4 times a day.
"""
* First Aid:
"I have seen the powdered dry herb or the fresh herb poultice stop bleeding from deep cuts and wounds almost immediately. This, combined with yarrow’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, makes it a perfect first aid remedy."
"A yarrow tea bath or topical application with the ointment or oil can be useful for rheumatic joints and varicose veins."
"The root is an old time remedy for tooth aches and can be preserved in rum or brandy, then chewed as needed."
"Yarrow is specific against Shigella and other bacteria that cause infectious diarrhea."
____RECIPES:
* Used together with Lady's Bedstraw as a macerate
for full recipes, see ↑
____MORE RESOURCES:
→ http://wildfoodsandmedicines.com/yarrow/
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
"""
When and How to Harvest: All parts of yarrow are useful. The flower is most commonly used and should be gathered when it is fully open and but not yet turning brown or yellowish. The flower is higher in aromatic oils, whereas the leaves are higher in tannins. Leaves can be harvested any time of year but is most potent in spring and early summer. The root is used for pain including toothaches and is best harvested in fall. Dry yarrow in baskets or paper bags.
"""
____USES:
* Dosage:
"""
Tea: 1 tablespoon of chopped flowers or leaves per cup of boiled water, steep 10-15 minutes, and drink up to 3 cups a day. Drink hot to break a fever.
Tincture: fresh plant with 1 part herb by weight to 2 parts alcohol (50-80% alcohol). For the dry plant use 1 part herb to 5 parts alcohol (40-50% alcohol). Use 10-40 drops to 4 times a day.
"""
* First Aid:
"I have seen the powdered dry herb or the fresh herb poultice stop bleeding from deep cuts and wounds almost immediately. This, combined with yarrow’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, makes it a perfect first aid remedy."
"A yarrow tea bath or topical application with the ointment or oil can be useful for rheumatic joints and varicose veins."
"The root is an old time remedy for tooth aches and can be preserved in rum or brandy, then chewed as needed."
"Yarrow is specific against Shigella and other bacteria that cause infectious diarrhea."
____RECIPES:
* Used together with Lady's Bedstraw as a macerate
for full recipes, see ↑
____MORE RESOURCES:
→ http://wildfoodsandmedicines.com/yarrow/
¶(L:)[K] HEBR/RECIPE— Wild Violet (Cyclamen coum)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
~20220709;
Planted in old soil, put in shade & moist of bathroom, but perhaps it needs to be a cutting rather than as a full plant?
____RECIPES:
###
____MORE RECIPES:
* https://www.mijntuin.org/articles/cyclamen-coum-alpenviooltje (dutch basics)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
~20220709;
Planted in old soil, put in shade & moist of bathroom, but perhaps it needs to be a cutting rather than as a full plant?
____RECIPES:
###
____MORE RECIPES:
* https://www.mijntuin.org/articles/cyclamen-coum-alpenviooltje (dutch basics)
¶(L:) HERB/RECIPE— Wild Minth: Horse mint (Mentha longifolia)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____OPTIONS:
#1)
Horse mint (Mentha longifolia)The native horse mint is also called forest mint and is found in the temperate zones of Eurasia to Southern Africa. In Central Europe, it is often found in low mountain ranges and in the lower altitudes of the Alps. It needs wet, nitrogen-rich soil to grow well. Therefore, it is often encountered near rivers or next to agricultural land. The long-leaved, fluffy-haired horse mint grows up to 130 cm tall and bears pink to purple flowers between July and September
#2)
"""
Field mint (Mentha arvensis)
Field mint is also called corn mint and is a wild mint species. It is common in all temperate regions in the Northern Hemisphere. The plant usually grows from 5 to 30 cm tall and blooms pink to purple. It prefers moist, nutrient-rich sites and is less vigorous than its cultivated siblings.
"""
____RECIPES:
###
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
____OPTIONS:
#1)
Horse mint (Mentha longifolia)The native horse mint is also called forest mint and is found in the temperate zones of Eurasia to Southern Africa. In Central Europe, it is often found in low mountain ranges and in the lower altitudes of the Alps. It needs wet, nitrogen-rich soil to grow well. Therefore, it is often encountered near rivers or next to agricultural land. The long-leaved, fluffy-haired horse mint grows up to 130 cm tall and bears pink to purple flowers between July and September
#2)
"""
Field mint (Mentha arvensis)
Field mint is also called corn mint and is a wild mint species. It is common in all temperate regions in the Northern Hemisphere. The plant usually grows from 5 to 30 cm tall and blooms pink to purple. It prefers moist, nutrient-rich sites and is less vigorous than its cultivated siblings.
"""
____RECIPES:
###
¶(L:)[!!] HEBR/RECIPE— Perennial Hyoseris (Hyoseris radiata L.)
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/447730-Hyoseris-radiata/browse_photos
____OPTIONS:
#1) Perennial Hyoseris (Hyoseris radiata L.)
#2) Aposeris foetida (l.) cass. ex less
"""
Aposeris foetida (L.) Less, is a plant native to central European forests. In Slovenia it is known as an early spring wild food. Considering the total absence of studies of the leaves of Aposeris regarding its use as food, the present study was made to investigate its nutritional value concerning important vitamins and antioxidants. Foliar contents of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, ̃-tocopherol, α-carotene, β-carotene, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and chlorophyll in young edible plants during the harvesting period are reported. Comparison of Aposeris with supermarket lettuce analysed in our study and with numerous cultivated and wild edible plants from other studies showed that Aposeris is one of the best sources of ascorbic acid, tocopherol and carotenoids. The results of our study justify its use in the early spring wild food cuisine and may stimulate consumption of this nutritious plant.
"""
→ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267033317_Evaluation_of_selected_nutritional_factors_in_Aposeris_foetida_L_Less_during_the_harvesting_period
→ https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/JABFQ/article/view/2156
... to check:
https://www.gbif.org/species/3094355
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aposeris_foetida
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aposeris_foetida
____USES:
* Culinary
"""
The leaves of this plant are edible and are one of the ingredients of preboggion , a mixture of herbs typical of Ligurian cuisine .
"""
→ https://second.wiki/wiki/hyoseris_radiata
* Medicinal
###
~20220706 foraged @Krnica
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/447730-Hyoseris-radiata/browse_photos
____OPTIONS:
#1) Perennial Hyoseris (Hyoseris radiata L.)
#2) Aposeris foetida (l.) cass. ex less
"""
Aposeris foetida (L.) Less, is a plant native to central European forests. In Slovenia it is known as an early spring wild food. Considering the total absence of studies of the leaves of Aposeris regarding its use as food, the present study was made to investigate its nutritional value concerning important vitamins and antioxidants. Foliar contents of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, ̃-tocopherol, α-carotene, β-carotene, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and chlorophyll in young edible plants during the harvesting period are reported. Comparison of Aposeris with supermarket lettuce analysed in our study and with numerous cultivated and wild edible plants from other studies showed that Aposeris is one of the best sources of ascorbic acid, tocopherol and carotenoids. The results of our study justify its use in the early spring wild food cuisine and may stimulate consumption of this nutritious plant.
"""
→ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267033317_Evaluation_of_selected_nutritional_factors_in_Aposeris_foetida_L_Less_during_the_harvesting_period
→ https://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/JABFQ/article/view/2156
... to check:
https://www.gbif.org/species/3094355
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aposeris_foetida
https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Aposeris_foetida
____USES:
* Culinary
"""
The leaves of this plant are edible and are one of the ingredients of preboggion , a mixture of herbs typical of Ligurian cuisine .
"""
→ https://second.wiki/wiki/hyoseris_radiata
* Medicinal
###
¶(L:)[!!*] PRESERVATION/RECIPES— Chanterelles
"""
If you want to store them, keep them in the refrigerator in a paper—not plastic—bag. Chanterelles store longer than most mushrooms—up to ten days.
Or, you can give them a quick saute in butter until they release their moisture and freeze them for up to a year.
"""
→ https://www.thespruceeats.com/how-to-preserve-chanterelle-mushrooms-1327669
____RECIPES:
"""
1. Clean
Clean your mushrooms properly. This might just be the most difficult part of the process!
2. Saute
Saute your mushrooms in butter or oil – whichever you prefer. You can chop them or keep them relatively whole if you prefer. Just add them to a hot pan and lightly fry them for about 5 to 10 minutes.
3. Cool
Take the mushrooms off the heat and allow them to cool completely.
4. Freeze
Lay the cooled mushrooms onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper so that they are not touching, then pop the tray into the freezer.
5. Label Bag
While the mushrooms are freezing grab yourself a freezer bag or airtight container and label it with the date.
6. Bag Up and Refreeze
When your chanterelle mushrooms are completely frozen take them out of the freezer and add them to the bag or container. Seal tight and make this as airtight as you can and place them back into the freezer.
"""
→ https://www.freezeit.co.uk/can-you-freeze-chanterelle-mushrooms/
"""
If you want to store them, keep them in the refrigerator in a paper—not plastic—bag. Chanterelles store longer than most mushrooms—up to ten days.
Or, you can give them a quick saute in butter until they release their moisture and freeze them for up to a year.
"""
→ https://www.thespruceeats.com/how-to-preserve-chanterelle-mushrooms-1327669
____RECIPES:
"""
1. Clean
Clean your mushrooms properly. This might just be the most difficult part of the process!
2. Saute
Saute your mushrooms in butter or oil – whichever you prefer. You can chop them or keep them relatively whole if you prefer. Just add them to a hot pan and lightly fry them for about 5 to 10 minutes.
3. Cool
Take the mushrooms off the heat and allow them to cool completely.
4. Freeze
Lay the cooled mushrooms onto a baking sheet lined with parchment paper so that they are not touching, then pop the tray into the freezer.
5. Label Bag
While the mushrooms are freezing grab yourself a freezer bag or airtight container and label it with the date.
6. Bag Up and Refreeze
When your chanterelle mushrooms are completely frozen take them out of the freezer and add them to the bag or container. Seal tight and make this as airtight as you can and place them back into the freezer.
"""
→ https://www.freezeit.co.uk/can-you-freeze-chanterelle-mushrooms/
¶(L:)[f!!**] HERB/RECIPE— Saint John's Wort body butter
20230507
Using the SJW macerate from 2022-07 Krnica as a cream
as an oil its not super nice to use, so am trying to use it as an ingredient
* now buying bee wax and shea butter
* recipes:
* Saint Johns Wort salve
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgcZVOOfDic
* Whipped body butter
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSnffZMntiI
→ https://www.myfolkmedicine.com/recipe/whipped-body-butter-recipe-with-st-johns-wort/
* Honey based body butter (as reference)
→ https://lovelygreens.com/honey-body-butter-recipe/
* Firming body butter
→ https://cocoblog.ca/en/homemade-firming-body-cream/
* more resources:
* https://formulabotanica.com/how-to-make-macerated-oils/
20230507
Using the SJW macerate from 2022-07 Krnica as a cream
as an oil its not super nice to use, so am trying to use it as an ingredient
* now buying bee wax and shea butter
* recipes:
* Saint Johns Wort salve
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgcZVOOfDic
* Whipped body butter
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cSnffZMntiI
→ https://www.myfolkmedicine.com/recipe/whipped-body-butter-recipe-with-st-johns-wort/
* Honey based body butter (as reference)
→ https://lovelygreens.com/honey-body-butter-recipe/
* Firming body butter
→ https://cocoblog.ca/en/homemade-firming-body-cream/
* more resources:
* https://formulabotanica.com/how-to-make-macerated-oils/
¶(L:)[!!**] HERB/MEDICAL/RECIPE— Euphrasia officinalis aka Smetlika for eye inflammations
"""
Parts Used & Where Grown
In the wild, European eyebright grows in meadows, pastures, and grassy places in Bulgaria, Hungary, and the former Yugoslavia. Eyebright is also grown commercially in Europe. The plant flowers in late summer and autumn. The whole herb is used in herbal medicine.
"""
"""
Eyebright was and continues to be used by herbalists primarily as a poultice for the topical treatment of eye inflammations, including conjunctivitis/blepharitis and sties. Traditionally, a compress made from a decoction of eyebright is used to give relief from redness, swelling, and visual disturbances due to eye infections.1
A tea is sometimes given internally along with the topical treatment. It has also been used for the treatment of eye fatigue and other disturbances of vision. In addition, herbalists have recommended eyebright for problems of the respiratory tract, including sinus infections, coughs, and sore throat.2 None of the traditional uses of eyebright have been studied in clinical research.
"""
→ https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2087000
"""
Dosage and how to use
* Decoction
One teaspoon of dried herb is boiled in half a liter of water and drunk 2-3 times a day.
* As a poultice for the eyes
Use a tablespoon of dried herbs and boil it in a pot for about 5-10 minutes, then strain, and after cooling down, apply it to the eyelids (preferably herb wrapped in gauze).
"""
→ https://herbshopuk.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=94
"""
Parts Used & Where Grown
In the wild, European eyebright grows in meadows, pastures, and grassy places in Bulgaria, Hungary, and the former Yugoslavia. Eyebright is also grown commercially in Europe. The plant flowers in late summer and autumn. The whole herb is used in herbal medicine.
"""
"""
Eyebright was and continues to be used by herbalists primarily as a poultice for the topical treatment of eye inflammations, including conjunctivitis/blepharitis and sties. Traditionally, a compress made from a decoction of eyebright is used to give relief from redness, swelling, and visual disturbances due to eye infections.1
A tea is sometimes given internally along with the topical treatment. It has also been used for the treatment of eye fatigue and other disturbances of vision. In addition, herbalists have recommended eyebright for problems of the respiratory tract, including sinus infections, coughs, and sore throat.2 None of the traditional uses of eyebright have been studied in clinical research.
"""
→ https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-2087000
"""
Dosage and how to use
* Decoction
One teaspoon of dried herb is boiled in half a liter of water and drunk 2-3 times a day.
* As a poultice for the eyes
Use a tablespoon of dried herbs and boil it in a pot for about 5-10 minutes, then strain, and after cooling down, apply it to the eyelids (preferably herb wrapped in gauze).
"""
→ https://herbshopuk.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=94
¶(L:) EDIBLE/CANDY/CHEF/ALCOHOL— Pines
"""
Most conifers are not only edible, they’re also medicinal. Every part is useful including the bark, needles, resin, nuts, and cones.
"""
* Nuts
* Needles
"""
tasty tea, or mixed into just about any recipe savory or sweet for a spicy kick. They’re also medicinal,
"""
* Polen
* Bark
"""
Harvesting pine bark causes severe damage to a tree, and bark should only be harvested from trees destined to be cut down for other reasons. Pine bark has been harvested for food for hundreds of years, and one reason we know this is because the scars of pine bark harvesting are still present in Scandinavian trees after more than 700 years.
"""
* Resin
"""
It’s naturally antibacterial, so pine resin has been chewed as a gum for mouth complaints as well as sore throats. A tea made from pine resin is supposedly good for arthritis as well.
"""
* Cones
"""
The cones can also be used as food. They can be ground into fine powder, which in the past was mixed with fat. The result was considered both a delicacy and a digestive aid.”
Pine cones can be used to add flavor to dishes.
"""
* Tips
almost all are edible, with few exeptions
→ https://practicalselfreliance.com/edible-pine/
"""
Most conifers are not only edible, they’re also medicinal. Every part is useful including the bark, needles, resin, nuts, and cones.
"""
* Nuts
* Needles
"""
tasty tea, or mixed into just about any recipe savory or sweet for a spicy kick. They’re also medicinal,
"""
* Polen
* Bark
"""
Harvesting pine bark causes severe damage to a tree, and bark should only be harvested from trees destined to be cut down for other reasons. Pine bark has been harvested for food for hundreds of years, and one reason we know this is because the scars of pine bark harvesting are still present in Scandinavian trees after more than 700 years.
"""
* Resin
"""
It’s naturally antibacterial, so pine resin has been chewed as a gum for mouth complaints as well as sore throats. A tea made from pine resin is supposedly good for arthritis as well.
"""
* Cones
"""
The cones can also be used as food. They can be ground into fine powder, which in the past was mixed with fat. The result was considered both a delicacy and a digestive aid.”
Pine cones can be used to add flavor to dishes.
"""
* Tips
almost all are edible, with few exeptions
→ https://practicalselfreliance.com/edible-pine/
¶(L:)[!!*] TREES/EDIBLE/RECIPES— Spruce tips & Pine shoots
→ https://practicalselfreliance.com/spruce-tips/
* Iceceam
→ https://foragerchef.com/cooking-with-spruce-tips-blue-spruce-ice-cream/
* Pine shoot syrup
"""
Warm, spicy and resinous, pine tips taste like sweet pine candy to my palate. Imagine the smell of pine, but without the “green” taste of the needles (if you’ve ever recreationally eaten pine needles). Slightly bitter, but still warm, comforting and mildly sweet.
I made a pine shoot syrup that’s totally out of this world, and just uses sugar to draw out the natural liquid from the pine shoots:
Add in 2 parts pine shoots and 1 part sugar to a jar, then give it a good shake.
Allow it to sit for about a week, shaking it any time you think about it, and then spoon out a taste of heaven.
"""
* Spruce tip syrup
→ https://honest-food.net/spruce-tip-syrup/
* Spruce head salad
→ https://foragerchef.com/spring-vegetables-with-spruce-tips-and-lemon-agrumato/
* Pickled spruce heads
→ https://foragerchef.com/sprucefir-tip-pickles/
* Pine needle powder
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uD04gdgpKY
* Tincture
→ https://en.drink-drink.ru/nastojka-iz-sosny-reczepty-i-poshagovoe-prigotovlenie/
→ https://practicalselfreliance.com/spruce-tips/
* Iceceam
→ https://foragerchef.com/cooking-with-spruce-tips-blue-spruce-ice-cream/
* Pine shoot syrup
"""
Warm, spicy and resinous, pine tips taste like sweet pine candy to my palate. Imagine the smell of pine, but without the “green” taste of the needles (if you’ve ever recreationally eaten pine needles). Slightly bitter, but still warm, comforting and mildly sweet.
I made a pine shoot syrup that’s totally out of this world, and just uses sugar to draw out the natural liquid from the pine shoots:
Add in 2 parts pine shoots and 1 part sugar to a jar, then give it a good shake.
Allow it to sit for about a week, shaking it any time you think about it, and then spoon out a taste of heaven.
"""
* Spruce tip syrup
→ https://honest-food.net/spruce-tip-syrup/
* Spruce head salad
→ https://foragerchef.com/spring-vegetables-with-spruce-tips-and-lemon-agrumato/
* Pickled spruce heads
→ https://foragerchef.com/sprucefir-tip-pickles/
* Pine needle powder
→ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_uD04gdgpKY
* Tincture
→ https://en.drink-drink.ru/nastojka-iz-sosny-reczepty-i-poshagovoe-prigotovlenie/
¶(L:) TREES/IDENTIFICATION— Guide to identify conifers
→ https://gardenerspath.com/plants/landscape-trees/identifying-conifers/
<-----------------------(new) CASES & RECIPES
→ https://gardenerspath.com/plants/landscape-trees/identifying-conifers/
<-----------------------(new) CASES & RECIPES
¶[!!*] TOREAD/BOOKS/RESOURCES– Fukuoka, One straw revolution
+domen
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/976905.The_One_Straw_Revolution
+domen
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/976905.The_One_Straw_Revolution
¶[!!*] HERB/VEGETABLE/GROW— nasturtium
https://foragerchef.com/a-chanterelle-classic-omelet-aux-girolles/
like here ...
to je mela lila ...
Nasturtium aka "indian cress" al kaj je že
https://foragerchef.com/a-chanterelle-classic-omelet-aux-girolles/
like here ...
to je mela lila ...
Nasturtium aka "indian cress" al kaj je že
¶[!] FOREST/TREE— "Chaga mushroom"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inonotus_obliquus
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/InonotusObliquus
grows on birch ! (slo: breza)
https://www.fengcha.si/index.php/superhrana/medicinske-gobe/chaga-bio-inonotus-obliquus.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inonotus_obliquus
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/InonotusObliquus
grows on birch ! (slo: breza)
https://www.fengcha.si/index.php/superhrana/medicinske-gobe/chaga-bio-inonotus-obliquus.html
¶FOREST/MUSHROOM— Chantarelles
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318841273_Pickling_of_chanterelle_Cantharellus_cibarius_mushrooms_highly_reduce_cadmium_contamination
how to clean
https://www.themeateater.com/wild-and-whole/forage/how-to-clean-chanterelles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGvW6KhLfxU
___________ problem: similar!
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca!
"false chantarelle"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygrophoropsis_aurantiaca
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/HygrophoropsisAurantiaca
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318841273_Pickling_of_chanterelle_Cantharellus_cibarius_mushrooms_highly_reduce_cadmium_contamination
how to clean
https://www.themeateater.com/wild-and-whole/forage/how-to-clean-chanterelles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGvW6KhLfxU
___________ problem: similar!
Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca!
"false chantarelle"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hygrophoropsis_aurantiaca
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/HygrophoropsisAurantiaca
¶[!] MUSHROOM/@SLOVENIA— (general list)
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/UzitneGobe
great resource
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/ZdravilnaMocGob
!!!
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/AmanitaRubescens
bisernica :)
http://www.gobe.si/Drevesa/Drevesa
sovpadanje / correlation
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/UzitneGobe
great resource
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/ZdravilnaMocGob
!!!
http://www.gobe.si/Gobe/AmanitaRubescens
bisernica :)
http://www.gobe.si/Drevesa/Drevesa
sovpadanje / correlation
¶(L:)[m!!*] Merge plants in via main pad
← XXX🔗hypertrip-s8
via "(L:) NATURE— Identifying plants and their medicinal & culinary uses @Krnica (~0708)"
← XXX🔗hypertrip-s8
via "(L:) NATURE— Identifying plants and their medicinal & culinary uses @Krnica (~0708)"
¶HERB— Plantago / Trpotec<SLO>
also "plantain"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantago
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/plantain-weed#bottom-line
https://www.naturopatija-kranj.com/post/pomladi-trpotec
https://www.ayurveda101.si/maharishi-ayurveda/bio-semena-indijskega-trpotca
"bio seeds"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantago_ovata
"desert variety"
[!!] #togrow
* lungs
* wounds
* food? ("quinoia")
also "plantain"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantago
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/plantain-weed#bottom-line
https://www.naturopatija-kranj.com/post/pomladi-trpotec
https://www.ayurveda101.si/maharishi-ayurveda/bio-semena-indijskega-trpotca
"bio seeds"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantago_ovata
"desert variety"
[!!] #togrow
* lungs
* wounds
* food? ("quinoia")
¶[!!**] HERB/TREE/PROTOCOL— Replanting
Did a few experiments in 2022, but mostly:
* waited too long
* didn't have (correct) soil ready
* over/under watered
* over/under hardened the soil
* didn't know whether it will come back (after parts of it died)
* didn't have the right tools
* ###
Did a few experiments in 2022, but mostly:
* waited too long
* didn't have (correct) soil ready
* over/under watered
* over/under hardened the soil
* didn't know whether it will come back (after parts of it died)
* didn't have the right tools
* ###
¶What's the best/most sensible foraging?
all:
(+) exploring
(+) out in nature/semi-urban when picking
* mushrooms:
(—) can mis-ID
(—) small quantities except if lucky
(+) "delicacy"
* wild herbs/plants:
(—) can mis-ID
(+) can replace
* abandoned fruit in semi-rural:
(+) already eating, just free
(+) plenty/scales, can freeze, easy to identify
* ###
all:
(+) exploring
(+) out in nature/semi-urban when picking
* mushrooms:
(—) can mis-ID
(—) small quantities except if lucky
(+) "delicacy"
* wild herbs/plants:
(—) can mis-ID
(+) can replace
* abandoned fruit in semi-rural:
(+) already eating, just free
(+) plenty/scales, can freeze, easy to identify
* ###
¶Honey
problem with old honey
(merge d@fb 20230912)
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroksimetilfurfural
problem with old honey
(merge d@fb 20230912)
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroksimetilfurfural
¶[!?] TREE— Hazelnut, Leska<SLO>
https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=354926838889062
leska : mačice !
"trpko"
https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=354926838889062
leska : mačice !
"trpko"
¶[!!] RESOURCES/RESEARCH— (alternative cultures, alternative wikipedia ... surprisingy big variance!)
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildgem%C3%BCse
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%8F%9C
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E8%8F%9C
###
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_plants
###
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https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildgem%C3%BCse
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E8%8F%9C
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E8%8F%9C
###
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicinal_plants
###
<------------------------------------------------------------------------- (new)+((new))